My Suggestions would be to slow down, and process what you are learning. That's when a teacher becomes handy. IF you have a teacher yoru EUREKA moments come alot sooner, than force feeding yourself information that is not processing, then months later your like.... OH that's why that is like that.
I relate it to typing class, I couldn't stand when the teacher had me typing "asdfjkl;" over and over again, then we progressed to "#*gh" or something like that...This ain't looking beneficial its just random letters but it was just here showing us how to access those things when we had to actually type words. Scales and practice excercises look like "asdfjkl;" starting out, it doesn't sound like music. But what it teaches us is how to access the 4-5-1 when necessary.
The 5 string actually helped me learn the Fretboard better because I could really see that the bass was perfectly tuned.
So I progressed from moving up and down the neck to across the strings better.
All I had to learn was the circle of 5ths, and the rest fell into place. B E A D G C F, Bb Eb Ab Db Gb ( I remembered it like Malthumb said, BEAD G, CF, then Flats without the CF)
B E A D G
C F Bb Eb Ab
Db Gb B E A
D G C F Bb
Eb Ab Db Gb C
F Bb Eb Ab Db
Gb B E A D and so on all the way down the neck.
Like Malthumb suggested play it a string at a time, saying the note aloud. It might sound funny but be able to say the alphabet from A to G backwards.
Over time you just learn where the notes are in relation to one another... Patterns begin to jump out...
Take Eb for instance its If you are at the Eb on the B string and move up an octave to the next Eb, you move up two strings and up on fret and thats the ocatve of E.
You really learn all these things to forget about them when you play. Once its been practiced over and over again, it becomes second nature and you don't have to really think about
what you are doing.
If you can post some more specifics about what your practicing and not progressing on, maybe someone here can offer more specific tips to get past those issues.
Stay blessed.