Im a keyboard player but Im just learning bass on my own. I practice patterns and exercises even though Im not playing it anywhere. I have found that these exercise have given me better finger strength and dexterity. and by thinking about the key im in Im learning the notes on the bass neck. The things I practice are the octaves, exercise, the blues and major scales(willl be working on the minor). I think these are basics you should learn first along with techniques like slaping, tapping, poping, muting, and harmonics. I think I have a better understanding of what to practice because I started on piano(keys) and have studied theory.