Since the scales are all the same pattern, it is easy to learn the note location of them if you want to. It is not at all necessary to know them but it is good to know them. Choose the scale pattern that you want to use and start on, say Eb on the B string. Play the scale pattern slowly watching which fret you are playing and say aloud the note that it happens to be. You would say: Eb-F-G-Ab-Bb-C-D-Eb Speed kills on this practice routine, so take your time. Play it over and over, forward and backwards. Write it out on some staff paper, or make note of it on preprinted charts.
It won't be very long before you will know those notes and where they are on the staff. Then add another key. Start out with the keys that you play most. I most often use the patterns below. Starting on the B string. Eb-F then on the E string G-Ab-Bb then on the A string, C-D-Eb. Or Eb-F-G on the B string and Ab-Bb-C on the E string then D-Eb on the A string. Start on any key and play the equivalent pattern and you are playing in that key.
Having a good knowledge of the circle of fourths helps because the bass(five string) is set up exactly like the circle of fourths.
Personally, when I play the bass, I'm just playing patterns. So even though I know the notes fairly well, lack of use causes me to get rusty on them. I know that the more experienced bass players here would use them more.
No hurry and saying the notes out loud are important. 15 minutes a day will do wonders.